America is a multicultural country with a diverse society that consists of different races, religions and cultures. Consequently, there were conflicts between people of different nations who lived in America. Since the earliest times America was desirable land for European countries. The article briefly compares the major organizing principles of Spanish, French, and English colonial societies, their growth and development. It shows us the development and prosperity of Spanish, French, and English settlements in America described by Allan Greer in ‘The People of New France’, Alan Taylor in the book ‘American Colonies: The Settling of North America’ and by Colin M. McLachlan and Jaime E. Rodriguez O. in ‘The Forging to the Cosmic Race: A Reinterpretation of Colonial Mexico’. The paper focuses on the movements toward colonial independence of New England and New Spain.
Since 1519 Spain, France and England have established colonies in the North and the South America. Spain organized the mining industry and developed agriculture in Mexico and the Caribbean. France established the first European society and developed a long-term trade system with the Native Americans. The English were more enterprising and far-sighted: they were much more interested in the land acquisition than in trade. This fact has played a great role in the fight for the power over the North America.
The Spanish were the first people who colonized America. ‘The Forging to the Cosmic Race: A Reinterpretation of Colonial Mexico’ written by McLachlan and Rodriguez is a new vision of the Mexico’s colonial past. The authors show us the colonization of Mexico from another point of view, emphasizing the positive aspect of colonization that became an integral part of the national evolution. McLachlan and Rodriguez write that man is a creature of geography as well as culture. The New Spain became a mixture of Indian and European cultures. Consequently, Aztec and Spanish societies had many similar features and the New Spain produced a new generation, new race of people called ‘cosmic’. The Spanish were looking for gold and silver in Mexico and New Spain became wealthy and powerful with gold and silver mines. They established the colonial society that developed and grew into the rich colony in the world. Spanish settlers established large estates – haciendas – in Mexico. It is necessary to mention the Catholic influence on the development of the new society. Spanish Jesuits tried to convert Native Americans to Christianity. The book ‘The Forging to the Cosmic Race‘ describes the development of economical, political and social life of New Spain, emphasizing the rapid growth and openness of the society. Moreover, the author describes the Spanish movement toward colonial independence.
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