What means a word "fjord"?
The word "fjord" is taken from the Norwegian language. In translation on Russian it means "a sea gulf" But, nevertheless, geologists have accepted it for a designation of a long narrow gulf which was formed of the gorge flooded by the sea deeply pressing a land. In the further this term began to use and in other countries where there are long both very narrow and deep formations.
Origin of fjords
In Norway fjords were formed millions years ago. These are the former hollows which have been washed out by the rivers. They have been strongly expanded and profound in a glacial age when glaciers in the weight laid a way through rocks. Thus, glaciers have laid a way to the sea, have deduced these hollows to the sea, below a level of its surface.
Localization of fjords.
Fjords meet during all western coast of Norway, beginning from Oslofjord in the south and up to the north down to border Russia. Each of these Norwegian fjords differs a unique landscape, the form and color of water. By the way, water in fjords has unusual turquoise color. It speaks that water in fjords has as though puff structure. At the bottom layers there is more dense salty sea water, in top-less dense fresh water.
Water in the Norwegian fjords very cold even in summertime, therefore can usually bathe to venture in them only children. Norway-not the unique country in this respect. Fjords meet and in Chile, on southern island of New Zealand, in Northern America, and also on islands of Scotland, in Iceland and in Greenland.
The most known Norwegian fjords are the Sognefjord, the Geirangerfjord, Hardangerfjord, the Lisefjord. The longest a fjord is the Sognefjord. At length it was stretched more than on 200 km, its depth exceeds 1000 m., and approximately on as much above a surface of water rocky coast tower. As much as possible registered depth Sognefjord-1308 of meters. Coast of it fjords decorate dense woods and numerous falls.
