Let's Take A Cue From the Military.
Many factors distinguish a mediocre leader from a good leader. One of the most important is the ability to make decisions. On the surface it may seem a simple proposition, yes or no; up or down, left or right, but it often the decision can mean layoffs, a dent in the bottom line or even the demise of an organization. And often there is little time for weighing every option.
Military leaders are a good point to start studying decision making as they have been distinguished by their ability to quickly make decisions of proportions that would probably paralyze a business person faced with a similar situation. How do these leaders make decisions they feel are the right ones? A pattern emerges in answer to this. A background of preparedness seems to be the foremost explanation.
First, these leaders are voracious readers, constantly searching and hungry for information and knowledge. They are never finished with education, studying the past but also keeping abreast of current events and the latest technology or trends. They stay in tune to what's going on with those they command by using the technique of management by walking around. They consider the input received when talking to the people on the front lines and have a feel for the real situation, not the second-hand information an analyst behind a desk views as a solution.
While these leaders are hungry for information they also expect subordinates who are researching the situation and supplying intelligence to be succinct and get straight to the pros and cons. Generally there is no time for over-analysis of extraneous information. This can make the decision more difficult rather than showing a clear solution.
Good leaders surround themselves with people who are willing to challenge information if they see a problem. They know there is little use for having "yes" men and women who are only interested in mirroring what they think the commander wants to hear. They want to hear the hard truths that need to be spoken. Leaders must also be able to trust that these men who share their input and ideas with command are credible and selfless, motivated only by the best interest of the common good.
These leaders know the cost of indecision can be very high. Although they are often under time constraints, a well-informed decision must be made quickly and earnestly. Once the decision is made, they expect all who serve under them to carry out the order as if it were their own, whether or not they agree with the decision. A good leader must project the image of confidence in the decisions made even if there is some doubt as any hesitation will color the actions of the troops.
Ultimately the responsibility for a decision, right or wrong, lies on the shoulders of the leader. Former Secretary of State Colin Powell once commented that command is a lonely place because although there is input from many, the decision still belongs to the commander and blame or praise lies with him. However, with the right input, good decisions can be made even under the greatest stresses and time constraints.
