Deciding on the right type of printing process will depend much on the type of project that you are having printed. There are numerous printing methods that can be used, and here are some general guidelines for choosing the printing method that will give you the best results.
Low Volume
If you are printing a personal project or pieces only for internal use, then you may simply need to head to the copy machine. This will be the easiest method for short runs where the quality is not important, such as copying a memo about the office Christmas party. However, this is generally not the type of quality you want to utilize for any material that will be seen by a client.
Proofs
If you are only proofing the text and the layout, then you can often print the proofs off yourself. However, if you need to check the actual color and resolution of images, then you will want to ask your printer for proofs. Dye-sublimation printers are often used for this purpose.
Books, Brochures, and Newsletters
Most commercial printing processes will use offset lithography for high volume production. This includes projects on glossier papers, such as catalogs and brochures. This will allow you to get the clearest pictures and most professional look possible for when you want to make a good impression.
Business Cards and Letterhead
If you are looking to make more of an impression than offset printing can provide, engraving is often used for higher end products, such as fine letterhead and business cards. For raised printing, thermography is often used. A letterpress is sometimes used in some cases, but this style of engraving can be very expensive, so the costs should be weighed against the final product.
Envelopes and Labels
There are multiple ways to print envelopes and labels. Offset printing is one of the most common, but other printers will also use flexographic or gravure printing for these mediums.
Packaging Materials
If you need custom packaging for your product, flexography and gravure printing are the most commonly used methods. These can be used on everything from paper and plastic bags to cartons, cups, and even candy bar wrappers.
Posters, Signs, and Special mediums
Besides offset printing, screen printing is another option. This is commonly used on textile items such as t-shirts. It may also be used on larger printed materials, such as signs and posters. Your goal for the final product will determine the exact printing method that is used.
Formal Announcements and Wedding Invitations
For more formal uses engraving is still used, though thermography is a more cost effective option that achieves a similar effect.
This is just a general sampling of the most commonly used methods for printing different items. However, you may find that a different printing method would work better for your particular project. You should discuss with your printer the details of your project, including the size, color, and medium for the printing. They will be able to assist you with choosing the printing process that will offer you the best results.
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